安卓百分比布局解析
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1.引入：compile 'com.android.support:percent:24.0.0'
本文引用地址：http://www.biyoush.com/article/201808/385776.htm2.點(diǎn)開源碼可以看到，主要有兩個(gè)布局類PercentFrameLayout和PercentRelativeLayout，一個(gè)工具類PercentLayoutHelper。
3.點(diǎn)開布局類比如PercentRelativeLayout的源碼，可以看到實(shí)現(xiàn)的很簡單。
public class PercentRelativeLayout extends RelativeLayout {
private final PercentLayoutHelper mHelper = new PercentLayoutHelper(this);
/**省略若干行構(gòu)造方法之類的代碼**/
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
//重點(diǎn)在這
mHelper.adjustChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
if (mHelper.handleMeasuredStateTooSmall()) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
mHelper.restoreOriginalParams();
}
public static class LayoutParams extends RelativeLayout.LayoutParams
implements PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutParams {
private PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo mPercentLayoutInfo;
public LayoutParams(Context c, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(c, attrs);
mPercentLayoutInfo = PercentLayoutHelper.getPercentLayoutInfo(c, attrs);
}
/**省略若干行構(gòu)造方法之類的代碼**/
@Override
public PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo getPercentLayoutInfo() {
if (mPercentLayoutInfo == null) {
mPercentLayoutInfo = new PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo();
}
return mPercentLayoutInfo;
}
@Override
protected void setBaseAttributes(TypedArray a, int widthAttr, int heightAttr) {
PercentLayoutHelper.fetchWidthAndHeight(this, a, widthAttr, heightAttr);
}
}
}
就是在onMeasure和onLayout里面調(diào)用了PercentLayoutHelper 的一些方法，另外在里面定義了自己的LayoutParams ，而這個(gè)LayoutParams 也相當(dāng)簡單。
這里關(guān)鍵的一行代碼是在onMeasure方法里面，mHelper.adjustChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);通過PercentLayoutHelper 的adjustChildren 遍歷子view來設(shè)置 子view的寬高，寬高在PercentLayoutHelper 的內(nèi)部類PercentLayoutInfo通過在布局文件中設(shè)置的值計(jì)算好了。
public void adjustChildren(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
// Calculate available space, accounting for host's paddings
int widthHint = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec) - mHost.getPaddingLeft()
- mHost.getPaddingRight();
int heightHint = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec) - mHost.getPaddingTop()
- mHost.getPaddingBottom();
for (int i = 0, N = mHost.getChildCount(); i N; i++) {
//遍歷子view來設(shè)置 子view的寬高
View view = mHost.getChildAt(i);
ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = view.getLayoutParams();
if (DEBUG) {
Log.d(TAG, should adjust + view + + params);
}
if (params instanceof PercentLayoutParams) {
PercentLayoutInfo info =
((PercentLayoutParams) params).getPercentLayoutInfo();
if (info != null) {
if (params instanceof ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams) {
info.fillMarginLayoutParams(view, (ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams) params,
widthHint, heightHint);
} else {
info.fillLayoutParams(params, widthHint, heightHint);
}
}
}
}
}
4.布局中的使用方法：以PercentRelativeLayout為例
xmlns:app=http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto
android:layout_width=match_parent
android:layout_height=match_parent
android:background=@color/background_color
>
android:id=@+id/mian_tab_name
android:layout_width=wrap_content
android:layout_height=wrap_content
android:gravity=center
android:textColor=@color/back_green
android:textSize=15sp
android:text=name
/>
app:layout_widthPercent=50%
app:layout_heightPercent=50%
android:src=@drawable/ic_launcher_icon
android:scaleType=fitXY
android:layout_below=@+id/mian_tab_name
android:background=@color/black
/>
引入xmlns:app的命名空間，然后app:layout_widthPercent=50%就可以設(shè)置寬高的百分比了。相當(dāng)簡單 。
5.不過在使用的過程中，可能會(huì)有一些其他的需求，比如app:layout_widthPercent=50%,app:layout_heightPercent=50%都是相對于屏幕的寬高的，假如要顯示一張正方形的圖片，以寬的50%為準(zhǔn)呢?這個(gè)時(shí)候就可以這樣寫了：
app:layout_widthPercent=50%
app:layout_aspectRatio=100%
android:src=@drawable/ic_launcher_icon
android:scaleType=fitXY
android:layout_below=@+id/mian_tab_name
android:background=@color/CS_black
/>
使用layout_aspectRatio屬性，設(shè)置app:layout_aspectRatio=100%，layout_aspectRatio就是寬高比。這個(gè)時(shí)候就不要設(shè)置app:layout_heightPercent屬性了。在PercentLayoutHelper 里面， 源代碼如下：
public void fillLayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams params, int widthHint,
int heightHint) {
// Preserve the original layout params, so we can restore them after the measure step.
mPreservedParams.width = params.width;
mPreservedParams.height = params.height;
// We assume that width/height set to 0 means that value was unset. This might not
// necessarily be true, as the user might explicitly set it to 0. However, we use this
// information only for the aspect ratio. If the user set the aspect ratio attribute,
// it means they accept or soon discover that it will be disregarded.
final boolean widthNotSet =
(mPreservedParams.mIsWidthComputedFromAspectRatio
|| mPreservedParams.width == 0) (widthPercent 0);
final boolean heightNotSet =
(mPreservedParams.mIsHeightComputedFromAspectRatio
|| mPreservedParams.height == 0) (heightPercent 0);
if (widthPercent >= 0) {
params.width = (int) (widthHint * widthPercent);
}
if (heightPercent >= 0) {
params.height = (int) (heightHint * heightPercent);
}
//這一段代碼是關(guān)鍵，如果aspectRatio >=0，aspectRatio是寬高比
if (aspectRatio >= 0) {
if (widthNotSet) {
//如果寬沒有設(shè)置，就以高為準(zhǔn)
params.width = (int) (params.height * aspectRatio);
// Keep track that we've filled the width based on the height and aspect ratio.
mPreservedParams.mIsWidthComputedFromAspectRatio = true;
}
if (heightNotSet) {
//如果高沒有設(shè)置，就以寬為準(zhǔn)
params.height = (int) (params.width / aspectRatio);
// Keep track that we've filled the height based on the width and aspect ratio.
mPreservedParams.mIsHeightComputedFromAspectRatio = true;
}
}
if (DEBUG) {
Log.d(TAG, after fillLayoutParams: ( + params.width + , + params.height + ));
}
}
6.另外，假如我們要定義自己的PercentLinearLayout，基本可以直接改一下名字，繼承自LinearLayout就好了：public class PercentLinearLayout extends LinearLayout ,在仿照PercentRelativeLayout里面的LayoutParams定義一個(gè)自己的LayoutParams就好了。
不過官方為什么沒有直接提供一個(gè)PercentLinearLayout 類，而只提供了兩個(gè)PercentFrameLayout和PercentRelativeLayout呢?
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