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            新聞中心

            ARM·Nand Flash的控制

            作者: 時(shí)間:2016-11-24 來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 收藏
            【本章總結(jié)】
            個(gè)人覺得這章內(nèi)容過于復(fù)雜,只需要記住如果nand中4096的程序想要被拷貝出來執(zhí)行,就把這個(gè)代碼寫進(jìn)去,紅色部分是真正的代碼,可以復(fù)制過去,直接使用,其他就不做了解了。聽了一個(gè)小時(shí),這個(gè)老師講的也挺亂的,也沒有人能記住這么多東西吧。。。
            【head.S init.c main.c nand.c Makefile】
            代碼詳解,這里先把一部分代碼存放在NAND Flash 地址4096之后,當(dāng)程序啟動(dòng)后通過NAND Flash控制器將他們讀出來、執(zhí)行。
            注意:以前的代碼都小于4096,開發(fā)板啟動(dòng)后他們被自動(dòng)復(fù)制進(jìn)“Steppingstone”;
            現(xiàn)在的代碼在4096之后,需要控制NAND Flash將他們讀出來、執(zhí)行
            【nand.lds】
            SECTIONS {
            firtst 0x00000000 : { head.o init.o nand.o}
            second 0x30000000 : AT(4096) { main.o }
            }
            對(duì)于這里,我是這樣理解的 。head.o init.o nand.o都放在Nand flash0地址處,0x0000 0000是他的鏈接地址,也就是放在0x0000 0000處運(yùn)行;mian.o存放在Nand flash 4096地址處,0x3000 0000是他的鏈接地址,也就是放在0x3000 0000處運(yùn)行
            (可能也就是前一陣子看到的鏈接地址和加載地址的區(qū)別)
            當(dāng)開發(fā)板啟動(dòng)時(shí),前4k的代碼被考進(jìn)SRAM,所以我們需要在SRAM內(nèi)完成初始化和跳轉(zhuǎn)
            【head.s】
            SECTIONS {
            firtst 0x00000000 : { head.o init.o nand.o}
            second 0x30000000 : AT(4096) { main.o }
            } @******************************************************************************
            @ File:head.s
            @ 功能:設(shè)置SDRAM,將程序復(fù)制到SDRAM,然后跳到SDRAM繼續(xù)執(zhí)行
            @******************************************************************************
            .text
            .global _start
            _start:
            @函數(shù)disable_watch_dog, memsetup, init_nand, nand_read_ll在init.c中定義
            ldr sp, =4096 @設(shè)置堆棧
            bl disable_watch_dog @關(guān)WATCH DOG
            bl memsetup @初始化SDRAM
            bl nand_init @初始化NAND Flash
            @將NAND Flash中地址4096開始的1024字節(jié)代碼(main.c編譯得到)復(fù)制到SDRAM中
            @nand_read_ll函數(shù)需要3個(gè)參數(shù):
            ldr r0, =0x30000000 @1. 目標(biāo)地址=0x30000000,這是SDRAM的起始地址
            mov r1, #4096 @2. 源地址 = 4096,連接的時(shí)候,main.c中的代碼都存在NAND Flash地址4096開始處
            mov r2, #2048 @3. 復(fù)制長度= 2048(bytes),對(duì)于本實(shí)驗(yàn)的main.c,這是足夠了
            bl nand_read @調(diào)用C函數(shù)nand_read
            ldr sp, =0x34000000 @設(shè)置棧
            ldr lr, =halt_loop @設(shè)置返回地址
            ldr pc, =main @b指令和bl指令只能前后跳轉(zhuǎn)32M的范圍,所以這里使用向pc賦值的方法進(jìn)行跳轉(zhuǎn)
            halt_loop:
            b halt_loop
            *對(duì)于這一串代碼,很多都是前面學(xué)過的知識(shí),這里我們只關(guān)注配置Nand的紅色代碼
            bl nand_init
            *目標(biāo)地址,源地址,目標(biāo)長度
            ldr r0, =0x30000000 @1. 目標(biāo)地址=0x30000000,這是SDRAM的起始地址
            mov r1, #4096 @2. 源地址 = 4096,連接的時(shí)候,main.c中的代碼都存在NAND Flash地 址4096開始處
            mov r2, #2048 @3. 復(fù)制長度= 2048(bytes),對(duì)于本實(shí)驗(yàn)的main.c,這是足夠了
            bl nand_read @調(diào)用C函數(shù)nand_read
            這里我們可以跳轉(zhuǎn)到nand_read中可以看一下
            void nand_read(unsigned char *buf, unsigned long start_addr, int size)
            {
            int i, j;
            #ifdef LARGER_NAND_PAGE
            if ((start_addr & NAND_BLOCK_MASK_LP) || (size & NAND_BLOCK_MASK_LP)) {
            return ;
            }
            #else
            if ((start_addr & NAND_BLOCK_MASK) || (size & NAND_BLOCK_MASK)) {
            return ;
            }
            #endif
            nand_select_chip();
            for(i=start_addr; i < (start_addr + size);) {
            write_cmd(0);
            write_addr(i);
            #ifdef LARGER_NAND_PAGE
            write_cmd(0x30);
            #endif
            wait_idle();
            #ifdef LARGER_NAND_PAGE
            for(j=0; j < NAND_SECTOR_SIZE_LP; j++, i++) {
            #else
            for(j=0; j < NAND_SECTOR_SIZE; j++, i++) {
            #endif
            *buf = read_data();
            buf++;
            }
            }
            【nand.c】
            #define LARGER_NAND_PAGE
            #define GSTATUS1 (*(volatile unsigned int *)0x560000B0)
            #define BUSY 1
            #define NAND_SECTOR_SIZE 512
            #define NAND_BLOCK_MASK (NAND_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)
            #define NAND_SECTOR_SIZE_LP 2048
            #define NAND_BLOCK_MASK_LP (NAND_SECTOR_SIZE_LP - 1)
            typedef unsigned int S3C24X0_REG32;
            typedef struct {
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFCONF;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFCMD;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFADDR;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFDATA;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFSTAT;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFECC;
            } S3C2410_NAND;
            typedef struct {
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFCONF;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFCONT;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFCMD;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFADDR;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFDATA;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFMECCD0;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFMECCD1;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFSECCD;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFSTAT;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFESTAT0;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFESTAT1;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFMECC0;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFMECC1;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFSECC;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFSBLK;
            S3C24X0_REG32 NFEBLK;
            } S3C2440_NAND;
            typedef struct {
            void (*nand_reset)(void);
            void (*wait_idle)(void);
            void (*nand_select_chip)(void);
            void (*nand_deselect_chip)(void);
            void (*write_cmd)(int cmd);
            void (*write_addr)(unsigned int addr);
            unsigned char (*read_data)(void);
            }t_nand_chip;
            static S3C2410_NAND * s3c2410nand = (S3C2410_NAND *)0x4e000000;
            static S3C2440_NAND * s3c2440nand = (S3C2440_NAND *)0x4e000000;
            static t_nand_chip nand_chip;
            void nand_init(void);
            void nand_read(unsigned char *buf, unsigned long start_addr, int size);
            static void nand_reset(void);
            static void wait_idle(void);
            static void nand_select_chip(void);
            static void nand_deselect_chip(void);
            static void write_cmd(int cmd);
            static void write_addr(unsigned int addr);
            static unsigned char read_data(void);
            static void s3c2410_nand_reset(void);
            static void s3c2410_wait_idle(void);
            static void s3c2410_nand_select_chip(void);
            static void s3c2410_nand_deselect_chip(void);
            static void s3c2410_write_cmd(int cmd);
            static void s3c2410_write_addr(unsigned int addr);
            static unsigned char s3c2410_read_data();
            static void s3c2440_nand_reset(void);
            static void s3c2440_wait_idle(void);
            static void s3c2440_nand_select_chip(void);
            static void s3c2440_nand_deselect_chip(void);
            static void s3c2440_write_cmd(int cmd);
            static void s3c2440_write_addr(unsigned int addr);
            static unsigned char s3c2440_read_data(void);
            static void s3c2410_nand_reset(void)
            {
            s3c2410_nand_select_chip();
            s3c2410_write_cmd(0xff); // 復(fù)位命令
            s3c2410_wait_idle();
            s3c2410_nand_deselect_chip();
            }
            static void s3c2410_wait_idle(void)
            {
            int i;
            volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2410nand->NFSTAT;
            while(!(*p & BUSY))
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            }
            static void s3c2410_nand_select_chip(void)
            {
            int i;
            s3c2410nand->NFCONF &= ~(1<<11);
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            }
            static void s3c2410_nand_deselect_chip(void)
            {
            s3c2410nand->NFCONF |= (1<<11);
            }
            static void s3c2410_write_cmd(int cmd)
            {
            volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2410nand->NFCMD;
            *p = cmd;
            }
            static void s3c2410_write_addr(unsigned int addr)
            {
            int i;
            volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2410nand->NFADDR;
            *p = addr & 0xff;
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            *p = (addr >> 9) & 0xff;
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            *p = (addr >> 17) & 0xff;
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            *p = (addr >> 25) & 0xff;
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            }
            static unsigned char s3c2410_read_data(void)
            {
            volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2410nand->NFDATA;
            return *p;
            }
            static void s3c2440_nand_reset(void)
            {
            s3c2440_nand_select_chip();
            s3c2440_write_cmd(0xff); // 復(fù)位命令
            s3c2440_wait_idle();
            s3c2440_nand_deselect_chip();
            }
            static void s3c2440_wait_idle(void)
            {
            int i;
            volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2440nand->NFSTAT;
            while(!(*p & BUSY))
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            }
            static void s3c2440_nand_select_chip(void)
            {
            int i;
            s3c2440nand->NFCONT &= ~(1<<1);
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            }
            static void s3c2440_nand_deselect_chip(void)
            {
            s3c2440nand->NFCONT |= (1<<1);
            }
            static void s3c2440_write_cmd(int cmd)
            {
            volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2440nand->NFCMD;
            *p = cmd;
            }
            static void s3c2440_write_addr(unsigned int addr)
            {
            int i;
            volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2440nand->NFADDR;
            *p = addr & 0xff;
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            *p = (addr >> 9) & 0xff;
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            *p = (addr >> 17) & 0xff;
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            *p = (addr >> 25) & 0xff;
            for(i=0; i<10; i++);
            }

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